Advanced
GERD occurs when stomach contents repeatedly flow back into the oesophagus. It can cause heartburn, regurgitation and irritation. GERD surgery may be considered for selected patients with confirmed reflux, persistent symptoms or complications.
A hiatus hernia develops when part of the stomach moves through the diaphragm into the chest. Small hernias may need no operation, while larger or symptomatic hernias may require hiatus hernia repair.
Achalasia is a swallowing disorder in which the lower oesophageal muscle does not relax properly and the oesophagus has impaired movement. Treatment aims to help food pass into the stomach.
Foregut surgery may also be used for selected benign tumours, diverticula, obstruction or other structural oesophageal and stomach disorders after appropriate investigation.
Anti-reflux surgery strengthens the barrier at the lower end of the oesophagus. It is considered only after tests confirm that reflux is responsible for the symptoms and the expected benefits outweigh the risks.
During fundoplication, the upper stomach is wrapped partly or fully around the lower oesophagus to reduce reflux. The wrap is selected according to oesophageal function and clinical findings.
The stomach is returned below the diaphragm, the opening is narrowed and an anti-reflux step may be added. The technique depends on hernia size, anatomy and symptoms.
A Heller myotomy divides tight muscle fibres at the lower oesophagus. It is commonly paired with a partial fundoplication to reduce postoperative reflux. Endoscopic alternatives may also be discussed when appropriate.
The extent of oesophageal surgery or stomach surgery depends on the precise condition. Some operations remove a localised abnormality, while others require reconstruction of the digestive pathway.
GK GASTROCARE
The length of admission depends on the operation, recovery from anaesthesia and ability to drink safely.
Patients usually follow a staged diet, moving from liquids to soft foods before resuming a broader diet. Small bites, slow eating and thorough chewing are important.
Walking begins early. Driving, work, exercise and lifting restart in stages according to comfort and the surgeon’s advice.
Follow-up checks swallowing, reflux symptoms, nutrition and wound healing. Persistent vomiting, fever, worsening pain or inability to swallow should be reported promptly.
Arrange an upper GI consultation to review persistent reflux, swallowing difficulty or a diagnosed foregut condition.
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